Synthetic Biology Transplanting an Artificial DNA to a...

Technical procedure of synthia creation[3]: In 1995, a team led by Venter sequenced the genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, a bacteria with smallest complement of genes capable of growth in laboratory. Initially the team decided to use genitalium as the donor bacteria but later they decided to switch to M. mycoides as M. genitalium has very slow growth rate. Initially the attempt to extract genome from mycoides and transplant it to capricolum failed because they found that the genome from the donor was methylated while the genomes in recipient yeast are unmethylated. So they methylated the donor with methylases for the process. The first step is to decode the DNA from the Mycoplasma mycoides. This is followed by synthetically creating the†¦show more content†¦Technical procedure: There are two classifications of a cell namely, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryote are a type of organisms which lack a nucleus bound by a membrane. Eukaryote are a type of organisms which have a nucleus enclosed inside membrane. A species of yeast called Saccharomyces cerevisiae has around 6000 genes. And most of which are found to be non-essential [1]. The task is to remove all those non-essential genes or insert new sequences without affecting the organism. A synlll chromosome was designed in accordance to the stability of the gene as per Synthetic Yeast 2.0 specifications [2]. By inserting new sequences and deletion of non-essential sequences a new sequence i.e, the sequence that is going to be induced is first formed in computer. The next step is to synthesize the building blocks from oligonucleotides. Once these building blocks are synthesized they are then assembled in chunks of 2-4 KB sizes. A number of these small chunks are then used to replace in the native chromosome. By iteratively replacing the original with the new chunks a full replacement of the original chromosome with syn3 is produced. The DNA sequencing of syn3 strain genome has 10 differences with the newly sequence. These were either simple insertions or deletions. There are nearly 100 loxPsym[2] markers (The markers that are added at the end of unessentialShow MoreRelatedEssay on Is Frankenstein a reality?1954 Words   |  8 Pages Screen writers are releasing vivid movies showing the possibilities of the future involving DNA creation, curing diseases, and bringing life back from the dead. Although, it seems that each movie brings grief to human kind and must be destroyed in the end, confirming that the scientist are playing God. The Deep Blue Sea was a movie about a scientist that tries to cure Alzheimer’s Disease using shark DNA; the only problem is that the scientist makes the shark super intelligent, faster, and more dangerousRead MoreAn Introduction to Hydrophonics and Controlled Environment Agriculture40110 Words   |  161 PagesGREENHOUSES: People want to â€Å"grow out of season† (i.e. , have tomatoes in Winter) or grow plants where they don’t normally grow (i.e., lettuce, a cold weather crop, in Tucson in the Summer!). Therefore, move the plant from the natural environment to an artificial one†¦ using protected agriculture and/or greenhouses. Modify or control the temperature, relative humidity, CO2, light, etc., to provide optimum conditions to grow any crop any time anywhere! What discoveries had to be made in order to develop the